Dredged silt from the Suriname River: waste or beneficial material? The Weg naar Zee project, funded by Partners for Water, investigated whether silt dredged from the Suriname River could be used to address coastal erosion and mangrove losses along the Suriname coast. Last month, the feasibility study concluded with promising results. Below, Bob Smits from consortium partner Deltares explains the potential of dredged silt.

About 8 years ago, Nature-based Solutions Advisor Bob Smits completed his master’s thesis on mangrove restoration at the independent knowledge institute Deltares. Since then, he has developed his expertise in coastal protection and management, particularly in sediment transport. In the Weg naar Zee project, Bob serves as the technical lead and project coordinator.

The Weg naar Zee feasibility study was conducted in collaboration with Boskalis, Conservation International Suriname, InterConnect and the Anton de Kom University of Suriname.

Natural buffer

The coastal area of Weg naar Zee is an intertidal zone nearly two kilometres wide, located directly west of the Suriname River mouth. “The coastal area used to be covered with mangroves,” Bob explains, “but over the past decades, it has eroded significantly due to changing land use, leading to the disappearance of almost all mangroves.” These mangroves served as a natural buffer against erosion and flooding. “With the loss of this buffer, flooding now occurs regularly.”

However, the Suriname River is being deepened to improve navigation, releasing large amounts of silt. “Currently, this material is being released into the ocean, but it is actually a valuable resource that can be utilised,” says Bob. “With this project, we aim to investigate whether we can use this dredged material to combat further erosion.”

Silt, sand, and mangroves

“We have some interesting findings from the analysis of the historical coastal development,” Bob says. “Sand appears to play a significant role in the natural restoration of mangrove trees. This can be observed in an area west of Weg naar Zee, where mangroves have returned without active human intervention. We suspect this is due to the natural formation of sandbanks in the intertidal zone, which cause the area behind them to fill with silt, creating an ideal habitat for mangroves.” However, no sandbanks are being formed on the foreshore of Weg naar Zee. “This is most likely caused by previous sand extraction east of the Suriname River and damming upstream of the river.”

Stimulating mangrove habitat

“The potential role of sand is a significant insight that we incorporate into our recommendations,” says Bob. “We see the possibility of placing artificial sandbanks, which would allow us to fill the area behind them with the dredged silt.” This solution would improve the natural conditions for a mangrove habitat, enabling the trees to grow again and form a natural buffer. He continues, “Reusing silt from dredged material is already being done in several places, and is widely acknowledged as a promising concept. However, this combination of using dredged silt and sand for the benefit of mangrove restoration and erosion control is still new.”

Valuable collaborations

“During the research, we involved local stakeholders, such as the Ministry of Public Works and local residents,” notes Bob. “Not only are they the problem owners, but they also possess a lot of local knowledge that we can combine with our international experience. We also owe a great deal to the Dutch Embassy in Suriname, which helped us significantly in arranging meetings with the Ministry of Public Works.”

“I believe the most important aspect of collaboration is to have mutual respect and to be open to each other’s experiences and knowledge,” says Bob. “As a Dutch entity, I view challenges and solutions with my Dutch framework. To develop a solution that is adapted to the local context, it is essential to ask for input and knowledge from local parties and stakeholders and to truly work together towards a collaborative resolution.”

What’s next

“The results have been well received by the Ministry of Public Works and the local residents,” says Bob. As a follow-up to this feasibility study, the consortium would like to initiate a pilot project and is currently exploring available financing opportunities. As Bob explains, “The situation of coastal erosion and mangrove loss we have investigated is similar to the rest of the Surinamese coast and also to that of neighbouring countries Guyana and French Guiana. So if our planned pilot-project is successful, there are plenty of opportunities to scale it up.”

Ahead of Stockholm World Water Week taking place August 25-29, Partners for Water invited three experts from Dutch companies working on water and climate issues, to share their experiences with the Water as Leverage programme. Water may be the root of many problems, but it is also a key solution as well.

Given the climate challenges we face, the interconnectedness between water management, urban planning and climate adaptation has never been more important. Experts like Naomi Hoogervorst, a senior urban planner at UN-Habitat, biologist Eduardo Marin, an associate partner at Felixx Landscape Architects and Planners and renowned Thai landscape architect Kotchakorn Voraakhom, have been at the forefront of ground-breaking solutions that are reshaping how cities interact with their water systems.  

All three of them represent pillars of the Water as Leverage (WaL) programme, an innovative initiative launched by the Dutch government in 2018.

WaL, comprising 3 pillars: the Academy; the Factory and the Initiative, brings together experts, international organisations and regional local partners in a holistic way, to go beyond traditional design, and look at the needs of multiple communities. The WaL Academy promotes  knowledge sharing  and capacity building. The Factory focuses on implementing water solutions at various levels and the Initiatives introduces specific projects in several locations

A range of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) have since been implemented across various projects around the world. In Thailand, the WaL Academy is exploring alternatives to traditional designs for coastal erosion management and Bangkok has started revitalising its canal systems to improve drainage and water quality.

Synthesise perspectives

Biologist and landscape architect Eduardo Marin, is an enthusiastic supporter of the approach to water management advocated by WaL.  He describes the role of landscape architects as facilitators who synthesise diverse perspectives, from clients to engineers, to create environmentally and financially viable projects. His work includes developing integrated water management projects that focus on the role of the basic fundamental natural systems as part of the solution needed.

In collaboration with the World Bank, he created the “Catalogue of Nature-based Solutions for Urban Resilience.” Previously, he contributed to Rotterdam’s Water Square, an innovative public space designed to collect and manage rainwater efficiently. He also participated in the design competition “Rebuild by Design” aimed at integrating water management into the future planning of the New York and New Jersey region. Out of the 10 competing teams, the majority were Dutch or Dutch-based companies.

Mapping water in Cartagena

Felixx Landscape Architects and Planners along with Eduardo Marin started “Roots of Cartagena” in 2023 as part of the multidisciplinary project to find innovative solutions within the Water as Leverage programme. They began by mapping the intricate relationship between water, the environment and the community in the port city of Cartagena on Colombia’s northern Caribbean coast. The city’s rapid disproportionate growth and unequal urban expansion led to clogged water systems affecting both the environment and local livelihoods. Rather than simply installing new infrastructure, Marin explains that they introduced a water-plan that emphasises public spaces and natural development as functional water management systems transforming water management from a technical problem into an opportunity for environmental improvement. “The main problem is that in most cases the link between the water cycle and the city is not in balance so water always ends up in the wrong place,” Marin says.

By cleaning and widening canals, planting vegetation and creating parks that can store and utilise water, the whole community can benefit. “In the end, it is about the people who are living there, not about the pipes, dams and pumps.”

This project is a prime example of how WaL can transform a city’s relationship with its water systems. Rather than relying solely on traditional infrastructure solutions, Marin’s team engaged with the community and local stakeholders in developing strategies that are culturally and socially relevant.

Bright future for WaL

Naomi Hoogervorst, a senior planner at UN Habitat’s headquarters in Nairobi became involved with WaL two years ago and has since advocated for the approach that is “so  fundamentally different from traditional water management strategies”, explains Hoogervorst. She also notes that the collaboration across institutions and sectors, is often lacking in water management projects. Hoogervorst has been actively promoting sustainable urban development and participatory planning including through the Global Future Cities Program, which aligns urban projects with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

“It’s not just about engineering solutions,” Hoogervorst explains. “WaL connects water issues with broader social, economic and climate-related challenges”. This approach has led to innovative projects like the Chennai initiative, which combines water catchment and treatment with a school and green spaces, simultaneously addressing multiple community needs.

Hoogervorst is particularly involved with the WaL Factory, focusing on implementing water solutions at various planning levels. Despite financial challenges for scaling up WaL, she envisions a bright future: “We’re aiming to establish WaL as a global programme for the next decade. Water issues require sustained effort and long-term partnerships“, Hoogervorst says. UN-Habitat has been involved in many initiatives. Like the one in the city of Prayagraj, India, near the Ganges, where a workshop marked the launch of WaL with a national river-cleaning initiative as part of the “Namami Gange” project. This flagship programme was launched by the Indian government in June 2014 as part of the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) to reduce pollution and rejuvenate the Ganga (Ganges) River. Representatives from national, local and regional governments gathered to discuss how collaborative efforts across various jurisdictions could address water issues. Participants, including engineers, talked about not only technological solutions such as water treatment plants, but also the broader impacts of water management on wetlands, flooding and pollution.

The workshop drew parallels to successful projects in other regions, such as Chennai, where innovative collaborations have transformed water infrastructure into multifunctional public spaces.

No hierarchical boundaries

In Thailand, landscape architect Kotchakorn Voraakhom brings a local perspective to the WaL approach. As a participant in the WaL Academy, she saw how the programme impacted her country by reshaping water management and urban planning .

Voraakhom shared that “The Academy provides opportunities for local experts to learn from Dutch water management expertise while adapting solutions to a Thai context.”

She mentions several projects emerging from WaL Academy discussions, including canal systems revitalisation in Bangkok and exploring Nature-based Solutions for coastal erosion in Thailand.

What is most important for her is the opportunity that now exists to communicate without hierarchical boundaries. She sees the Academy as more than just a temporary programme: “It’s about capacity building and changing mindsets, encouraging officials to consider water issues in relation to environment, engineering and livelihoods, not just about drainage.“

The work of Naomi Hoogervorst, Eduardo Marin and Korch Voraakhom illustrate the growing recognition that water management, urban planning and climate adaptation are inextricably linked.

Partners for Water and Water as Leverage

Partners for Water and as Water as Leverage are both programmes facilitated by the Dutch government and carried out by the Netherlands Enterprise and Development Agency (RVO). There is a significant link between these two programmes namely that Partners for Water is co-financing several Water as Leverage initiatives in Cartagena, Colombia and Chennai, India.

WaL will be at the World Water Week in Stockholm (24-29 August) at the NL pavilion

Water as Leverage will be hosting a pre-launch of the City Champion Challenge at the NL pavilion on:

Tuesday 15.00 -16.00

Speakers: Robert Proos, Coordinator Urban Adaptation and Water International Partners for water / Water as Leverage (Netherlands Enterprise and Development Agency), Sabrina Couvin Rodriguez, Advisor Water Governance (Deltares), Asa Jonsson, Head of Global Water Operator’s Partnership Alliance (GWOPA)

Check out our full programme at SWWW 2024.

In Egypt, the Nile Delta and its 3 million small holder farmers struggle due to severe levels of salinity. The ProSal-Hydro project, funded by Partners for Water, addresses these challenges by providing an innovative, low-tech and low-cost solution using hydroponic systems in agricultural fields. Anas Azzam, project manager at consortium partner Delphy, and coordinator of the ProSal-Hydro project, shares about this innovative and accessible solution.

“After completing my master’s in water engineering and sustainable development, I have been working on multiple EU-funded projects in Egypt, focusing on sustainability, agriculture and water management,” says Anas. “What motivates me to work in this sector is the impact we can have. Seeing that results continue to have an impact after a project is finished inspires me to write new proposals and create more positive change for Egyptians who are faced with the challenges of drought, salinity and water scarcity on a daily basis.”

The ProSal-Hydro project aims to introduce innovative agricultural practices to combat salinity and water scarcity for smallholder farmers in the Nile Delta. During the pilot phase, the hydroponics systems will be implemented on five farms, along with training for farmers. The project will be coordinated and executed by Delphy International, a global expert in food and flower knowledge development and implementation. It is in collaboration with The Salt Doctors, a Dutch social enterprise company specialising in resilient farming systems for saline-affected areas, and Plug’n’Grow, an Egyptian company focused on economically viable hydroponic and aquaculture solutions.

Water scarcity and salinity

“The Nile Delta is home to over 3 million small holder farmers and serves as the primary food production area for Egypt”, says Anas. “However, sea water intrusion has led to raising salinity, affecting 40% of the farmland, particularly in the coastal area of the Nile Delta.” This critical issue requires urgent adoption of reliable, innovative agricultural practices and sustainable, smart technologies to ease the strain on freshwater consumption and soil fertility. Anas explains: “By implementing our soilless system, farmers can attain higher yields while reducing water consumption by around 80%. It offers to be a promising solution to the challenges in this vital agricultural area.”

Low-tech solution

“Most small holder farmers in Egypt don’t like high-tech solutions,” Anas points out, “they seek solutions that they can control and maintain themselves, so that they can stay independent and are less exposed to market fluctuations of spare parts.” The project offers an aquaponic system that caters to these needs and preferences. Anas explains: “The system consists of a pond that can be set up in an open field. The water is enriched with nutrients to ensure an optimal mineral balance and a pumping system is installed to provide circulation and aeration. A raft placed on top of the water, ensures evaporation is minimised.” Anas states that the water needs to be renewed only at the end of each yield cycle and that the remaining nutrient-rich water can be used to irrigate crops in the field. “This way no water is wasted.”

Stakeholder involvement

“Throughout the entire project, we maintain close collaboration with the participating farmers and actively seek their input,” says Anas. “By consistently gathering and incorporating their feedback, we aim to refine and optimize the system to local conditions, ensuring that it remains tailored to their specific needs and requirements.” To further strengthen stakeholder engagement, the project has scheduled various workshops, the first one being held in the upcoming month. “This workshop will bring together local government officials, representatives from NGOs and key stakeholders within the agriculture and water sectors,” says Anas. “Our primary objective will be to collect valuable insights and recommendations that can be incorporated in order to bolster the project’s implementation and scalability.”

What’s next?

“We have selected sites in the delta with varying water quality, salinity, and weather conditions. Currently, we are working on implementing the system,” says Anas. He explains that this has taken longer than expected: “We aim to use as many local materials as possible and achieve a low price with high efficiency. Sourcing these products requires time and constant consultation with our technical experts from Delphy and the Salt Doctors.” Fortunately, the finish line is in sight: “Next month, we will be ready to operate the system in 5 locations.”

With the Human series, we showcase the people who are involved in and benefit from the Partners for Water projects. The Human series sheds light on the stories of the people with whom and for whom Partners for Water works, and on how water affects their lives. Discover how water influences the life of Frans Janssen, who has come to understand the critical importance of ensuring that every user in the water chain is aware of its scarcity and receives their fair share.

Dutch-Chilean water cooperation

In Chile’s Aconcagua Valley, Partners for Water is collaborating with Dutch and Chilean stakeholders to address a critical water crisis threatening local fruit production, including avocados exported to the Netherlands. Over the past 15 years, persistent droughts have severely strained water resources, impacting both agriculture and the local ecosystem.

In 2021, the initiative began with a series of webinars that convened various participants from the fruit sector and sustainability advocates. These sessions provided comprehensive insights into the valley’s water challenges, documented in a ‘catchment passport’ — a detailed scientific report on the region’s water situation.

Simultaneously, the project established ‘Aconcagua Network’, a local network of producers and key stakeholders dedicated to developing strategies for sustainable water management. This network has begun crucial work, including mapping the water footprint of various producers and identifying methods to reduce water usage.

The next phase involves a market transformation process, engaging international value chain partners such as exporters and retailers to form a unified vision for sustainability in Aconcagua. This initiative aims to foster collaboration between local and global stakeholders towards a shared mission of water conservation.

This collaborative effort in the Aconcagua Valley represents a vital step towards a more sustainable future, balancing agricultural productivity with essential water conservation.

Frans Janssen: a new awareness of the value of water

Frans Janssen, representing the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Chile, joined the Embassy and the Partners for Water programme three and a half years ago. His involvement has profoundly altered his understanding of water’s value, recognizing its critical influence on all aspects of life. In Chile, there are many productive sectors, including mining, industry, and especially agriculture, which consume 70-75% of the country’s water.

Janssen emphasizes that sustainable change requires contributions from every segment of the value chain, from producers to consumers.

“We need to ensure that every water user in the chain gets their fair share, and I am extremely proud of every drop of water we can save”.

Raising awareness is thus crucial. Retailers must demand sustainably produced products, and consumers should support these efforts by paying fair prices. Producers face a pivotal decision: prioritize maximum short-term output or adopt sustainable practices to ensure long-term viability. Janssen believes that with collective action, significant improvements can be achieved.

Discover more about his ‘why’ in the Humans of Partners for Water video below.

With the Human series, we showcase the people who are involved in and benefit from the Partners for Water projects. The Human series sheds light on the stories of the people with whom and for whom Partners for Water works, and on how water affects their lives. Discover below how water influences the life of Irene Purman Cahyani, whose lifelong struggle with water scarcity has fuelled her dedication to water conservation.

Dutch-Indonesian Water Cooperation

For over fifty years, the Netherlands has been a crucial partner to Indonesia in water management, solidified by a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) since June 2007. The latest MoU, covering 2022-2026, aims to elevate cooperation to a more strategic level, involving government authorities, public and private sectors, and NGOs from both nations.

Indonesia is one of the seven delta countries engaged in the Partners for Water programme for 2022-2027. Urban water security in parts of Indonesia is compromised by low access to piped water and pollution. Agriculture and poor sanitation further degrade water quality. Java, housing over half the population, faces severe water scarcity, projected to worsen by 2040. Over-exploitation of aquifers leads to subsidence and increased flood risks, especially in Jakarta. Coastal cities are also threatened by exacerbated droughts, fires, and sea level rise caused by climate change.

The collaboration with Partners for Water advocates for sustainable and integrated water management through long-term partnerships, utilizing experiences from previous programmes. Partners for Water leverages its extensive network, knowledge, and funding to address water security challenges in partner countries. By integrating Dutch and local expertise in sustainable, inclusive, and innovative water management from the early planning stages, the programme aims to foster cooperation among government entities, the private sector, NGOs, young professionals, and knowledge institutions.

The programme’s priorities include lowland development and irrigation, integrated water management, and the development of capacity, knowledge exchange, and youth engagement.

Irene Purman Cahyani: A life shaped by water scarcity

Irene Purman Cahyani, Programme Manager at AidEnvironment—a nonprofit organisation dedicated to sustainability research, strategy, and implementation—grew up in Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), a province in Indonesia’s Lesser Sunda Islands. Despite being surrounded by water from the Indian Ocean to the Flores Sea, daily access to water was scarce.

“During my childhood, my father and I had to carry water. That’s how I really came to appreciate it. Thanks to the 3R approach, I am confident that we will have water for the next years”.

The 3R approach—Retain, Recharge, Reuse—is a low-cost, sustainable method that can be easily implemented by local communities using local materials. Cahyani, with nearly 20 years of experience, has provided technical assistance to climate resilience projects, collaborating with government departments, including the Indonesian Ministry of Environment & Forestry, National Development Planning Agency, Regional Disaster Management Agency, and the Watershed Forum. She stresses the importance of collaborating closely with other NGOs and various stakeholders. She leads focus group discussions, conducts research, and implements water conservation projects. Discover more about her ‘why’ in the Humans of Partners for Water video below.

Today, numerous NGOs, governmental organisations, and companies work on solving water issues. While collaboration could be beneficial, they often need to meet first. Therefore, on June 27 in The Hague, we organised our first matchmaking event to strengthen collaboration between consortia planning to apply for subsidies for innovative water projects. The event featured presentations and pitches from recently funded projects under the Partners for Water Subsidy Scheme.

In the invitation, participants could specify what they wanted to learn from others and which topics they could assist with. This led to a diverse and specific list of topics, making matching participants challenging. Some participants could pair one-on-one, while others needed group tables for better interaction.

Finding the right partner

On 27 June, at the partnerships table, participants discussed how hard it can be to maintain worthwhile and lasting partnerships while operating abroad. ‘We make sure to physically meet potential partners abroad to figure out if they’re really trustworthy’, one participant said. Another explained: ‘Dutch embassies can play a role in making assessments like these.’

A participant working in Vietnam explained: ‘We benefit from partnering with a university, because the provinces we work with trust the university. Our partnership with them is the result of contacting the coordination office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.’ A participant who is also active in Vietnam explained that hiring a Young Expert Professional (YEP) can also help: ‘This person helps us to understand what the local parties we collaborate with need, she speaks the language and understands the culture.’

Connecting for sustainability: insights from the Nature-based Solutions table

The Nature-based Solutions table was particularly popular, attracting several organisations to the discussion. After brief introductions, it became clear that some participants would benefit from one-on-one conversations. They moved around the table to sit next to each other, exchanging ideas and contacts.

In one of those conversations, a founder of the NGO Feedback Of The Future explained how the organisation uses regenerative practices and collaborative partnerships to foster farming communities in Kenya and East Africa. ‘We rehabilitate landscapes by planting plants, trees, and shrubs to mimic a subtropical food forest. We give farmers technical support, build new soil profiles and look for local solutions. This way we make the farming cycle more sustainable.’

Reflections on a dynamic matchmaking event

With almost 50 participants attending the matchmaking event and chatting animatedly, we hope that everyone can look back on a successful event. We aimed to provide you with more information on the Partners for Water subsidy scheme, as we strive to make the application process easier. Did we succeed or do you have any feedback? Please let us know your thoughts by sending us an email.

Kick off – eight new subsidised projects

The second part of the event was a kick off for eight projects that have recently received financial support through the Partners for Water Subsidy Scheme. A lot of the matchmaking participants stayed to see the presentations of these new projects. It gave them valuable insights into what other organisations are doing and what they aim to achieve with their innovative water project, with the help of a Partners for Water subsidy.

For example, Wouter Lengkeek from BESE Ecosystem Restoration Projects presented his organisation’s project on restoring degraded ecosystems along the coastal zones of the United States. BESE does this by using temporary biodegradable and circular structures crafted from biopolymers, providing a kickstart for restoring organisms in struggling salt marshes, mangroves and shellfish reefs. Erik van der Putte, Project manager at WaterMappers, also gave a presentation about the organisation’s work on mapping underground water resources in India. He explained how WaterMappers helps farmers to increase yields and reduce risks by providing volumetric water budgets through real-time, sensor-based time series modelling. For more information on the projects, check out our website.

Still two remaining subsidy rounds

There are still two remaining subsidy rounds within the Partners for Water programme. If something is still unclear or if you have any questions, please reach out to us by sending us an email. Please schedule a mandatory intake interview  before 15 August. Have you already had your intake interview? Then you’re ready to apply! Apply and find out whether your innovative water pilot of feasibility project will receive a financial boost.

Next matchmaking event!

On 23 January 2025, we will organise another matchmaking event. Stay tuned for more information. We will inform you about this event via our website, newsletter and LinkedIn page.

The Partners for Water subsidy scheme explained

On 1 October 2024, Partners for Water and the International Union for Conservation of Nature in The Netherlands (IUCN) are organising a biodiversity event at Museon in the Hague.

This event will showcase the value of biodiversity, it will give you insights in overcoming obstacles to combat biodiversity decline and increasing water security and how to mainstream biodiversity within international development and water security programmes.

Visit the eventpage and discover who’s invited, why you should attend and how you can registrate.

Don’t miss out on this opportunity to support & weigh in on this crucial cause with us to help shape a sustainable future.

A few weeks ago, we spoke with Sonu Khanal, hydrologist at FutureWater, to follow up on the Roadside Spring Protection to Improve Water Security’ project (RoSPRo). Future Water, a research and consulting organisation that combines scientific research with practical solutions for water management globaly, is leading the technical component in the RoSPro project in two municipalities of Dhankuta and Chhathar Jorpati Rural in the Dhankuta district of Nepal. The project addresses the importance of springs for the livelihoods of mountain communities, while simultaneously improving the road infrastructure, recognising that roads and springs significantly impact each other.

Economic developments and population growth are resulting in more roads for commuters and trade. The expansion of the road network causes the disruption of the original natural springs that become roadside springs, due to the implementation of infrastructure.

Spring water is vital for nearly 100 million people living in the hills and mountains, such as in Nepal and the Himalayas, who rely on these springs for drinking water since river water in these regions is often polluted and undrinkable.

The project, which began last June, is vital for the local communities, says Khanal who supervises the technical aspects of the project. “We aim to address the widespread issue of drying springs and severe water shortages. To do this effectively, we first need to identify their locations and recharge areas, understand how springs function, and monitor their flow patterns and amounts”.

Integrating road planning

Khanal emphasizes the importance of integrating road development with water flow management in hilly and mountainous areas. “In this project, we aim to highlight the crucial role of springs in the water management of the Himalayas. Poorly managed springs are often blamed on climate change, but effective management practices can greatly enhance water availability and sustainability. Once a spring’s flow is disrupted, restoring it is nearly impossible. Therefore, meticulous planning is essential to ensure that road construction does not harm these vital water sources.”

Advanced methods

FutureWater has been using advanced methods and tools to map the behaviour of watersheds and springs and provide advice on managing spring water, considering social and economic factors, especially for mountain areas. “The overall objective is to help stakeholders in Nepal to develop science-informed policies for road and water management to promote ‘water security for all’. To achieve this, we collaborated with local communities, municipalities, and regional and national stakeholders to harness their traditional knowledge and tailor the approach to the local context and needs.”

Consortium partners

Since 2014, MetaMeta has promoted using roads for improved water management and climate resilience, beyond just connectivity. This approach integrates roads into the landscape, reduces water-related damage, and ensures year-round accessibility. In mountainous regions, MetaMeta has explored how roads can protect springs and enhance the landscape, leading to a national guideline by the Department of Local Infrastructures (DOLI).

Partnering with FutureWater and ICIMOD, MetaMeta advanced this project. For over two decades, FutureWater has worked on integrated water resources management, climate change impacts, and disaster risk management in Nepal and Asia, offering expertise in quantitative methods, simulation models, GIS, and satellite observations. FutureWater’s toolkits, tailored to local needs, are publicly available. ICIMOD, with extensive experience in springshed management, brings strong institutional partnerships to the project. Khanal explained: “We’re collaborating with DOLI, responsible for all road activities in Nepal, to address the crucial but overlooked issue of springs, vital for mountain communities’ livelihoods, providing drinking water, education support, and enabling small-scale irrigation.” This collaboration leverages the expertise of multiple organizations to emphasize the critical role of springs in sustaining mountain communities.

Digital twins

Khanal explains that in this project, FutureWater is setting up ‘digital twins’ for the springs and watershed using ground-based and satellite-based information. “A digital twin model helps us to understand the behaviour of specific springs and watersheds mathematically. It will help us to identify the sources of water and recharge zones, and calculate the water amount and flow pattern in the watershed.”
The digital twin, combined with a robust decision support system, will help stakeholders to identify the costs and benefits of various interventions needed to restore springs and manage watersheds effectively. Khanal emphasises that this approach is unique because “these digital toolkits will help stakeholders make informed decisions about water management.”

The project will first be piloted on a small scale, with the involvement of the local community and relevant stakeholders to ensure effective implementation. To this end, four critical springs were identified together with the local community. Several data collection expeditions and field visits have been conducted to collect data and information on these springs. The field data will help tailor the digital twins to the local climate and context.
“To facilitate the data collection, monitoring, surveys, focus group discussions, and project implementation, a satellite office has been set up in the region by the consortium lead. The consortium is also using local knowledge by engaging the community and local consultants.”

Approach and phase

“We’re now in the pilot phase, aiming at pre-monsoon interventions,“ Khanal says, confident that the project will be a success. “Protecting springs near roads by constructing Gabion walls and French mattresses is essential to safeguard water outlets. Gabion walls are constructed by assembling wire mesh baskets, filling them with stones, and stacking them to control erosion and retain soil. French mattresses are drainage structures that stabilise soft soils; they are built by excavating the area, laying geotextile fabric, filling it with stones, wrapping the fabric over the stones, and securing the structure. Both methods improve drainage and enhance the stability of water outlets, protecting them from erosion and damage. We’re also building tanks to collect and store spring water, ensuring a consistent supply despite natural fluctuations in water availability.

Goals

Khanal concludes that ideally, “with persistent efforts, we will have built sufficient trust within a year for the community to actively participate in co-designing the process. Immediate benefits, such as a consistent water supply from newly built tanks, are evident. But long-term benefits like increased water availability due to roadside spring protection measures, will take several years to materialise. We are transparent with the community about this timeline, ensuring they understand that while some impacts are immediate, others require patience and time. The project aims for scalability across the Himalayas and similar regions, supported by partnerships with organisations like ICIMOD and potential funding from other entities.

Innovation in progress series

During the Partners for Water 2022 – 2027 programme, several projects that received the Partners for Water subsidy will be followed from start to finish. Over the next few years, they will take you with them on their transformative journey. You’ll be able to gain insights into their promising solutions, innovative processes and collaborations with local partners, as well as their struggles, challenges and valuable lessons learned. RoSPro is part of the innovation in progress series. Click on the button below to find out what was discussed during the first interview.

How can degraded farmland in the Surinamese jungle be regenerated? Johan Tijms from agricultural mechanisation company Tijms Mechanisatie VOF can explain. Together with consortium partner Attro Trading Africa, he is addressing Suriname’s drought and salinisation challenges through an innovative pilot project funded by Partners for Water. Discover how they are bringing soil back to life through an affordable and effective approach.

Johan Tijms, director of Tijms Mechanisatie VOF, has been working in the international field of soil regeneration and sustainable irrigation systems for over 25 years. From his office in Geesbrug, he elaborates on the innovative ‘Precise Irrigation Systems’ project. Together with the business consulting and project development organisation Attro Trading Africa, he aims to provide sustainable solutions for problems in agriculture arising from poor soil conditions. In Suriname, the consortium is tackling these challenges through a pilot project funded by Partners for Water. This pilot is testing a solar-powered, sensor-controlled drip irrigation and desalination system designed to address local drought, salinisation and flooding issues, ultimately rehabilitating degraded agricultural land owned by an indigenous Surinamese community.

Drought and salinisation

“Due to drought and unsustainable farming practices, Surinamese agricultural land is rapidly becoming comparable to concrete,” says Johan. “In some areas, the soil is so degraded that it doesn’t absorb water anymore. This causes water to accumulate, leading to both flooding and unusable farmland.” Suriname suffers not only from drought but also from salinisation. “The salt content of groundwater in Suriname is often too high for irrigation practices, leading to crop failures and threatening livelihoods. For instance, the members of the indigenous community where we are conducting the pilot project cannot sustain themselves with their conventional farming practices and must buy additional food from the market.”

From concrete to sponge

“Our solution creates usable irrigation water and turns soil into a water-absorbing sponge,” says Johan. “We achieve this through a drip irrigation system which applies water slowly and efficiently at the root zone of the plants. By doing so, it reduces the amount of runoff and therefore soil erosion.” In addition, the consortium desalinates ground water by using a desalination machine that utilises calcium carbonate. Johan explains: “This method is more cost-effective than others, such as reverse osmosis, due to its lower energy consumption and cheaper materials.” Both the drip and desalination machines are powered by solar panels. “All together, this makes the solution affordable for the relatively poor local community.”

In practice

“The piece of agricultural land we are regenerating covers an area of about five hectares and is located in the middle of the Surinamese jungle. It belongs to an indigenous community of about 300 people.” Johan explains that the land had been declared unusable. “In practice, an unusable piece of farmland means new land will be cleared by cutting down trees. When that land also becomes unusable, the same cycle is repeated. Now that the local community is receiving tools and training to keep the land farmable, not only are their livelihoods improving, but consistent deforestation is also prevented.”

A self-sustaining project

Tijms installed the machines together with Attro. “We train the users to maintain the machines themselves and we’re ready to assist whenever necessary. For instance, a water pump broke down initially because it had pumped up too much sand. We decided to get on a plane with new parts to repair the pump ourselves,” says Johan. He continues: “The success of such a project depends on the commitment and effort from both you and the users. If both parties are dedicated to its success, then you ensure it happens.”

“We also provided financial and business training to prepare the community for maintenance costs,” notes Johan. “Essentially, the installation should facilitate enough harvest to not only sustain livelihoods but also sell crops at the market. This enables the community to save money to replace certain installation components when they near the end of their life cycle. This way, the project becomes self-sustaining.”

Successful collaborations

“So far, the project has been a great success, and we owe much of that to some fantastic collaborations,” notes Johan. “For instance, the Dutch Embassy and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries in Suriname have actively helped us with their network and by connecting us with the participating community. Additionally, the community leader was incredibly motivated. Thanks to her dedication and involvement, the project has been embraced by the whole community.” Johan continues, “our collaboration with Partners for Water has also been incredibly valuable. The Partners for Water team has provided significant support, always responded quickly, and demonstrated their commitment to the successful completion of this project in every way.”

What’s next?

“In November, we will complete the project. So far, it seems to be very successful! Based on soil samples, we see that desalination is working and the soil is becoming nutrient-rich and porous again. Additionally, the local community is already selling products at the market.” The solution has significant potential for scaling up both within Suriname and internationally. Johan notes that they already plan to implement parts of this concept in another region of Suriname. “Through the drip irrigation system in combination with a bio enzyme, we plan to clean the soil of Fusarium, a common fungus in banana plants, in certain banana plantations in Suriname.”